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Southeast > News > Prevention News > April 05 News this Month |
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New this Month - April 2005 Below are citations/abstracts of recently published articles and publications that have been authored and/or co-authored by Pacific Institute staff. Berkeley - Bridget Freisthler LaScala, E.; Freisthler, B.; Gruenewald, P.J., Population ecologies of drug use, drinking and related problems. In T. Stockwell, P.J. Gruenewald, J.W. Toumbourou and W. Loxley (eds.) Preventing Harmful Substance Use: The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice, pp. 67-78. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. [with P.J. Gruenewald of PIRE/Berkeley]. Paul Gruenewald Stockwell, T.; Gruenewald, P.J.; Toumbourou, J.W.; Loxley, W. , Preventing
Harmful Substance Use: The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice. Chichester,
West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. Gruenewald, P.J., Introduction to interventions in the community: Illustrative case studies. In T. Stockwell, P.J. Gruenewald, J.W. Toumbourou and W. Loxley (eds.) Preventing Harmful Substance Use: The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice, pp. 145-147. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. Joel Grube Grube, J.E.; Nygaard, P., Alcohol policy and youth drinking: Overview of effective interventions for young people. In T. Stockwell, P.J. Gruenewald, J.W. Toumbourou and W. Loxley (eds.) Preventing Harmful Substance Use: The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice, pp. 113-127. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. [with P. Nygaard of PIRE/Berkeley]. Gruber, E.L.; Wang, P.H.; Christensen, J.S.; Grube, J.W.;, Fisher, D.A., Private television viewing, parental supervision, and sexual and substance use risk behaviors in adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(2): 107. 2005. [with D.A. Fisher of PIRE/Calverton]. Abstract: No abstract available. Gruber, E.L.; Christensen, J.; Grube, J.W.; Fisher, D.A.; Walker, S., Self-reports of adolescents who engage in same-gender as compared to opposite-gender sexual behavior. Journal of Adolescent Health, 36(2): 136. 2005. Abstract: No abstract available. Harold Holder Holder, H.D.; Treno, A.; Levy, D., Community systems and ecologies of drug and alcohol problems. In T. Stockwell, P.J. Gruenewald, J.W. Toumbourou and W. Loxley (eds.) Preventing Harmful Substance Use: The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice, pp. 149-161. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. [with A. Treno of PIRE/Berkeley and D. Levy of PIRE/Calverton]. Anthony Treno Treno, A.J.; Lee, J.P.; Freisthler, B.; Remer, L.G.; Gruenewald, P.J., Application of evidence-based approaches to community interventions. In T. Stockwell, P.J. Gruenewald, J.W. Toumbourou and W. Loxley (eds.) Preventing Harmful Substance Use: The Evidence Base for Policy and Practice, pp. 177-189. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. [with J.P. Lee, B. Freisthler, L.G. Remer and P.J. Gruenewald of PIRE/Berkeley]. Calverton- Ted Miller Hendrie, D.; Miller, T., Assessing the Burden of Injuries: Competing Measures. Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 11:(3): 193-199, 2004. Abstract: Objectives. This paper compares the different types of injury burden measures in common use and examines criteria that may be useful to consider when selecting between alternative measures. Methods. A review was conducted of relevant literature relating to burden of injury measures, important characteristics of data information systems and ethical frameworks for normative analysis in the health sector. Results. Four broad types of burden of injury measures can be distinguished: mortality-related indices; morbidity-related indices; composite measures combining mortality and morbidity; and monetary costs. Each type of measure uses its own construct of injury burden. For example, mortality data defines the injury burden as comprising only fatalities whereas comprehensive costs attempt to capture the total wellbeing lost through injury. Different measures of the burden of injury present differential rankings of the causes and intent of injury, thus the question arises as to what criteria should be used in selecting the best measure. Each measure of the burden of injury has merits and limitations. In selecting between injury measures, consideration should be given to the nature of the policy question, the construct of injury burden that each measure assesses, the availability of data for the measure and its quality and the ethical values inherent in each measure. Conclusions. Measures of the burden of injury play a useful role in positioning injury as a major public health problem and in policy work relating to injury prevention and control. No single measure of the burden of injury is ideal and several measures can be used together if necessary to provide different perspectives on an injury problem. Chapel Hill - Bob Flewelling Flewelling, R.L.; Austin, D.; Hale, K.; LaPlante, M.; Liebig, M.; Piasecki, L.; Uerz, L., Implementing Research-Based Substance Abuse Prevention in Communities: Effects of a Coalition-Based Prevention Initiative in Vermont. Journal of Community Psychology, 33: 333-353. 2005. Abstract: Despite the popularity and perceived potential effectiveness
of community-based coalitions in helping to prevent and reduce adolescent
substance use, empirical evidence supporting this approach is sparse.
Many reasons have been suggested for why coalition-based prevention initiatives,
and community-level interventions in general, have not demonstrated stronger
and more consistent results. Among these explanations are lack of uniformity
and control over activities implemented by coalitions and inadequate numbers
of communities used in evaluative studies. This article reports findings
from the evaluation of a nonrandomized community trial in Vermont in which
23 community coalitions were funded for 3 years to select and implement
a comprehensive mix of research-based prevention strategies designed to
reduce substance use prevalence among adolescents. Data from three successive
biennial administrations of the statewide Youth Risk Behavior Survey were
used to assess this goal. Across the communities served by these coalitions,
greater reductions in student substance use prevalence were achieved,
relative to the remainder of the state, for all nine substance use measures
examined. The greatest relative reductions were observed for past-30-day
use of marijuana and cigarettes (both p < .05). These findings suggest
that collaborative community-based efforts implemented within a supportive
framework such as Vermont's New Directions project can have a meaningful
impact on the prevalence of substance use behaviors among youth. |
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