This document provides an overview of national (and in some cases state and local) prevention data sources and databases containing consequence and consumption data.
This document offers an overview of national (and in some cases State and local) data sources and databases available for examining consequence and consumption data. These data are beneficial for State assessment and planning purposes.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Data Archive (SAMHDA)
http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/ [1]
This site contains the raw data to surveys such as Monitoring the Future and the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. See site for a complete list of data sets. Where applicable, the site also provides links to corresponding data reports.
Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)
http://bjs.gov/ [2]
The mission of BJS is to collect, analyze, publish, and disseminate information on crime, criminal offenders, victims of crime, and the operation of justice systems at all levels of government. The site contains topical reports on topics such as the relationship between drug and alcohol abuse and crime. Users can also run their own data tables.
CDC Alcohol-Related Disease Impact (ARDI)
http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/ardi.htm [3]
ARDI provides access to data measuring the impact of alcohol use on public health. Users can use the reports to assess deaths, alcohol-attributable diseases, and years of potential life lost due to alcohol use. Data can be run nationally or by State, and by age and gender.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm [4]
This site contains the National Vital Statistics System, which contains birth, marriage, divorce, and mortality data and reports. Users can access State- and Territory-specific statistics from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/map_page.htm [5] and alcohol-specific statistics from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/alcohol.htm [6]. This site does not provide detailed reports at the State level.
CDC Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Morbidity and Economic Costs (SAMMEC)
http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/sammec/intro.asp [7]
SAMMEC is an online application that allows users to estimate the health and health-related economic consequences of smoking to adults and infants. Data is available for smoking-attributable diseases, deaths, years of potential life lost, neonatal medical expenditures due to tobacco, and economic costs of lost productivity. Users can search data nationally, by state, and by sex.
CDC Web-Based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS™)
http://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/index.html [8]
WISQARS is a database that provides customized reports of injury-related data. This site links to State-specific leading causes of death (many of which are often associated with substance use), fatal injury reports, years of potential life lost, nonfatal injury reports, and leading causes of nonfatal injury reports. It is important to note that these reports do not explicitly pull out alcohol or other drug-related injuries.
CDC Wide-Ranging On-Line Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER)
http://wonder.cdc.gov/welcome.html [9]
WONDER provides access to a variety of reports and public health data. Users can search for and read published documents on public health concerns, including reports, recommendations and guidelines, articles and statistical research data published by CDC, as well as reference materials and bibliographies on health-related topics. Users can also view public-use data sets about mortality, cancer incidence, HIV and AIDS, behavioral risk factors, diabetes, natality, census data and many other topics. Mortality data are linked to particular ICD codes (users can also do a keyword search to locate the codes by topic) and the data can be searched by State. Through http://wonder.cdc.gov/data2010/ [10], users can find data linked to Healthy People 2010 objectives.
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)
http://www-fars.nhtsa.dot.gov/Main/index.aspx [11]
FARS is sponsored through the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The FARS database contains national and State statistics on traffic crashes (including pedestrian and bicycle), as well as alcohol-related motor vehicle crash statistics. This data set does not contain information on drugged driving, such as crashes that involve marijuana or other illicit drugs. FARS only includes crashes on public roadways (not off-road, driveways, parking lots, etc). Note: This site contains a limited amount of data that users can run themselves.
National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS)
http://wwwdasis.samhsa.gov/webt/NewMapv1.htm [12]
SAMHSA's N-SSATS collects and reports data on the location, characteristics, and utilization of services at alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities (both public and private) throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. Jurisdictions. N-SSATS, an annual voluntary survey, provides a snapshot of substance abuse treatment facilities and clients on a typical day. Generally, the facility response rates have been around 95 percent. On this site you can view reports and data by state. Users can access the raw data at http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00058 [13]
The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES)
Indicators of School Crime and Safety
http://nces.ed.gov/programs/crimeindicators/crimeindicators2009/ [14]
This section of the NCES site contains information on the following topics: violent deaths at school; nonfatal student victimization; nonfatal teacher victimization; school environment; fights, weapons, and illegal substances; fear and avoidance; and safety, security, and discipline measures. Each section contains a set of indicators that, taken together, aim to describe a distinct aspect of school crime and safety. Where available, data on crimes that occur outside of school grounds are offered as a point of comparison. Supplemental tables for each indicator provide more detailed breakouts and standard errors for estimates. Some State-level data is discussed, as well as data trends when possible. Users cannot run their own data through this site.
Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN)
http://www.samhsa.gov/data/DAWN.aspx [15]
DAWN is a public health surveillance system that monitors drug-related hospital emergency department visits and drug-related deaths to track the impact of drug use, misuse, and abuse in the U.S. Only 21 metropolitan cities are part of the DAWN network so the data is limited to larger cities, such as Boston, New York City, Buffalo, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. This site does not allow you to run your own data. Users can access data from the original DAWN at http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00097 [16]
State Epidemiological Data System (SEDS)
http://www.epidcc.samhsa.gov/data/data.asp [17]
This site makes epidemiological data available to States for purposes of substance use prevention needs assessment, planning, and monitoring. The site was created primarily as a resource for State Epidemiology Workgroups (SEWs) funded by CSAP in support of its Strategic Prevention Framework (SPF). Through this database, users can examine certain consequence and consumption data for alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs. SEDS contains data on some leading indicators to begin to illustrate the burden of substance use, such as alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes, cirrhosis, and lung cancer to name a few, but it does not describe the overall burden of alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs. For most indicators, the data are broken down by county, age, race, and sex, with most data from 2001. SEDS is designed for in-State planning purposes for those with data experience. It does not provide State-level totals for most indicators. It is therefore hard to compare states or how a state falls in U.S. rankings. Users need statistical software on your computer to run this data.
The Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS)
http://wwwdasis.samhsa.gov/webt/NewMapv1.htm [12]
TEDS is part of SAMHSA's Drug and Alcohol Services Information System. TEDS is a compilation of data on the demographic and substance abuse characteristics of admissions to and discharges from substance abuse treatment facilities. The data are routinely collected by State administrative systems , then submitted to SAMHSA. States vary in their reporting load and the latest year for which they have complete data. Users can view data by year, but cannot run their own data. Users can access the raw data at http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00056 [18]
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Indian Health Service (IHS) Tribal Epidemiology Centers
http://www.ihs.gov/epi/ [19]
The mission of the IHS is to raise the health status of the American Indian and Alaska Native people. The goal of the National Epidemiology Program in accomplishing this mission is to provide a solid foundation for public health interventions and functions. The objectives are to describe causes of morbidity and mortality, identify risk factors for disease, and prevent and control disease. Disease control and prevention activities of this program target both chronic and infectious diseases. Services available include: data management and reporting, community surveys, emergency response, surveillance, liaison, training, and consultation to clinicians. Most services are at no cost. Applied epidemiological research and policy development are also available; however, there is little direct access to data.
Add Health (The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health)
http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth [20]
Add Health is a nationally representative study that explores the causes of health-related behaviors of adolescents in grades 7 through 12 and their outcomes in young adulthood. Add Health seeks to examine how social contexts (families, friends, peers, schools, neighborhoods, and communities) influence adolescents' health and risk behaviors. Users can run their own data, but it is for national analysis only, not appropriate for State-level data.
CDC’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)
http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/ [21]
This survey was developed and conducted to monitor State-level prevalence of the major behavioral risks among adults associated with premature morbidity and mortality. The basic philosophy was to collect data on actual behaviors, rather than on attitudes or knowledge, that would be especially useful for planning, initiating, supporting, and evaluating health promotion and disease prevention programs. Users can run their own data, view existing reports, or compare data by State.
CDC’s Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)
http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/index.htm [22]
The YRBSS was developed in 1990 to monitor priority health risk behaviors that contribute markedly to the leading causes of death, disability, and social problems among youth and adults in the U.S. The YRBSS includes national, State, and local school-based surveys of representative samples of 9th through 12th grade students. These surveys are conducted every two years, usually during the spring semester. The national survey, conducted by CDC, provides data representative of high school students in public and private schools in the U.S. The State and local surveys, conducted by departments of health and education, provide data representative of the State or local school district. On this site, users can run the raw data, view reports, or view data by factors such as year, grade level, sex, and race. The YRBS is only implemented in schools; therefore high school dropouts are not included in this data set. Data are limited based on the number or questions that are asked and trend data depend on what questions were adopted in each State and when they were added to the survey. Not all of the states participate in this survey. Some States, such as Vermont, collect data at the community level.
Monitoring the Future (MTF)
http://www.monitoringthefuture.org [23]
MTF is an annual ongoing study of the behaviors, attitudes, and values of American secondary school students, college students, and young adults. Each year, approximately 50,000 8th, 10th and 12th grade students are surveyed (12th graders since 1975, and 8th and 10th graders since 1991). In addition, annual follow-up questionnaires are mailed to a sample of each graduating class for a number of years after their initial participation. Users can view reports and look at trends based on regions of the country; however, State-level data are not available and the raw data are not available on this site. Users can access the raw data at http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00035 [24]. The MTF is only done in schools; therefore high school dropouts are not included in this data.
National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)
http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh.htm [25]
NSDUH is an annual nationwide telephone survey involving interviews with approximately 70,000 randomly selected individuals aged 12 and older. This site contains findings from the latest survey, as well as topical reports on issues such as “Characteristics of Recent Adolescent Inhalant Initiates.” Prevalence data tends to be lower in this survey than what is found through MTF or YRBS; this may be because the survey is conducted over the phone, at the participant’s house. NSDUH does examine high school dropouts and their substance abuse rates, whereas MTF and YRBS only look at current high school students or high school graduates. Users can access raw, State-level data at http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00064 [26].
National Violent Injury Statistics System (NVIS)
http://hsphsun3.harvard.edu/hicrc/nviss/ [27]
NVISS is working to establish ongoing, national data systems on violent injuries. NVISS's major project over the past three years has been to pilot-test, and press for the national adoption of, a uniform reporting system for violent deaths. The project has culminated in the establishment of the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), which consists of 17 states, http://www.cdc.gov/ViolencePrevention/NVDRS/index.html [28], at the CDC.
Alcohol Policy Information System (APIS)
http://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/ [29]
APIS is an electronic resource that provides authoritative, detailed, and comparable information on alcohol-related policies in the U.S, at both State and Federal levels. Designed primarily as a tool for researchers, APIS is intended to encourage and facilitate research on the effects and effectiveness of alcohol-related policies.
Bureau of Justice Statistics’ National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
http://bjs.gov/#ncvs [30]
The NCVS series was designed to achieve three primary objectives: to develop detailed information about the victims and consequences of crime, to estimate the number and types of crimes not reported to police, and to provide uniform measures of selected types of crime.
FBI Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)
http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/ucr [31]
Through UCR, users can view several annual statistical publications, such as the comprehensive Crime in the United States, which are produced from data provided by nearly 17,000 law enforcement agencies across the U.S. Not all States report data and users cannot view State-level statistics through this site. To view State-level summary reports, visit http://bjsdata.ojp.usdoj.gov/dataonline/ [32]
United States Census
www.census.gov/# [33]
This site contains local-, State-, and national-level data with demographics and economic indicators. Users can also find quick reports for individual cities, towns, counties, and States.
Links:
[1] http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/
[2] http://bjs.gov/
[3] http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/ardi.htm
[4] http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm
[5] http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/map_page.htm
[6] http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/alcohol.htm
[7] http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/sammec/intro.asp
[8] http://www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/index.html
[9] http://wonder.cdc.gov/welcome.html
[10] http://wonder.cdc.gov/data2010/
[11] http://www-fars.nhtsa.dot.gov/Main/index.aspx
[12] http://wwwdasis.samhsa.gov/webt/NewMapv1.htm
[13] http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00058
[14] http://nces.ed.gov/programs/crimeindicators/crimeindicators2009/
[15] http://www.samhsa.gov/data/DAWN.aspx
[16] http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00097
[17] http://www.epidcc.samhsa.gov/data/data.asp
[18] http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00056
[19] http://www.ihs.gov/epi/
[20] http://www.cpc.unc.edu/projects/addhealth
[21] http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/
[22] http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/index.htm
[23] http://www.monitoringthefuture.org
[24] http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00035
[25] http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh.htm
[26] http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/SAMHDA/series/00064
[27] http://hsphsun3.harvard.edu/hicrc/nviss/
[28] http://www.cdc.gov/ViolencePrevention/NVDRS/index.html
[29] http://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/
[30] http://bjs.gov/#ncvs
[31] http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/ucr
[32] http://bjsdata.ojp.usdoj.gov/dataonline/
[33] http://captus.samhsa.gov/www.census.gov/%23