X. Evaluation Tools & Measures
N. Instruments for Risk and Protective Factors
A free copy of the Communities That Care Youth Survey that measures risk and protective factors is available from SAMHSA's Prevention Platform.
Measures for Key Risk Factors
(The following table is adapted from Guide to Risk Factor and Outcome Instruments for Youth Substance Abuse Prevention Program Evaluations (B1), draft version 03/03/98, a CSAP publication.)
Risk/Protective Factor Name |
Instrument Name |
You can obtain the instrument from: |
Attachment to School |
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Measure 1: National Youth Survey (NYS) |
Delbert S. Elliott, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Campus Box 483, Boulder, CO 80309. Phone: (303) 492-1266 |
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Measure 2: What About You (WAY) |
Gary D. Gottfredson, Ph.D., Gottfredson Associates, Inc., 3239B Corporate Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042. Phone: (410) 461-5530 |
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Measure 3: Self-reported grades |
N/A |
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Peer Influence |
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Measure 4: American Drug and Alcohol Survey (ADAS) |
RMBSI, Inc., 419 Canyon Ave., Ste. 316, P.O. Box 1066, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Phone: (800) 447-6354 |
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Measure 5: What About You (WAY), forms C & E |
Gary D. Gottfredson, Ph.D., Gottfredson Associates, Inc., 3239B Corporate Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042. Phone: (410) 461-5530 |
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Measure 6: Survey of Youth |
Ronald L. Akers, Ph.D., Dept. of Sociology, P.O. Box 115950, University of Florida, Gainseville, FL 32611-5950. Phone: (904) 392-1025 |
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Measure 21: Survey of Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use ("Communities That Care Youth Survey") |
Channing Bete Company, One Community Place, South Deerfield, MA, 01373-0200 |
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Conduct Problems |
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Measure 8: Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) & Teacher’s Report Form (TRF) |
Child Behavior Checklist, 1S. Prospect Street, Burlington, VT 05401-3456. Phone: (802) 656-8313; Fax: (802) 656-2602 |
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Measure 9: Conners’ Rating Scales |
Multi-Health Systems, 908 Niagra Falls Blvd., North Tonawanda, NY 14120-2060. Phone: (800) 456-3003; Fax: (416) 424-1736 |
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Measure 10: Youth in Transition Survey (YIT) |
Jerald G. Bachman, Ph.D., Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Phone: (313) 763-5043 |
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Measure 11: Rutter Child Scale, Form B |
Michael Rutter, FRS, MRC Child Psychiatry Unit, University of London Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom |
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Measure 12: Revised Behavior Problem Checklist (RBPC) - PAR Edition |
Psychological Assessment Resources, P.O. Box 998, Odessa, FL 33556. Phone: (800) 383-6595; Fax: (800) 727-9329 |
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Measure 21: Survey of Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use ("Communities That Care Youth Survey") |
Channing Bete Company, One Community Place, South Deerfield, MA, 01373-0200 |
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Impulsivity/Low Self Control |
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Measure 14: I7 |
Hodder and Stoughton, Test Dept., 338 Euston Rd., London NW13-H, United Kingdom. Phone: (0171) 873-6000, Fax: (0171) 873-6299 |
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Measure 15: Junior I6 |
Sybil B.G. Eysenck, Dept. of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom |
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Measure 16: Functional and Dysfunctional Impulsivity Scale |
Scott J. Dickman, Dept. of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 |
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Measure 17: Self-Control Rating Scale |
Phillip C. Kendall, Ph.D., Dept. of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 |
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Measure 18: Teacher’s Self-Control Rating Scale |
Laura Lynn Humphrey, Ph.D., Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, WI 53792 |
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Belief in Conventional Social Rules |
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Measure 19: What About You (WAY), Forms C and E |
Gary D. Gottfredson, Ph.D., Gottfredson Associates, Inc., 3239B Corporate Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042. Phone: (410) 461-5530 |
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Measure 20: RTI Panel Study Survey |
Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 |
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Measure 21: Survey of Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use ("Communities That Care Youth Survey") |
Channing Bete Company, One Community Place, South Deerfield, MA, 01373-0200 |
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Attitudes Favoring Substance Abuse |
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Measure 22: Drug Attitudes Scale |
Michael Stephen Goodstadt, Addiction Research Foundation, 33 Russell St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1, Canada |
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Measure 23: Survey of Youth |
Ronald L. Akers, University of Florida, Dept. of Sociology, P.O. Box 115950, Gainesville, FL 32611-5950. Phone: (904) 392-1025 |
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Measure 24: What About You (WAY), Forms C and E |
Gary D. Gottfredson, Ph.D., Gottfredson Associates, Inc., 3239B Corporate Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042. Phone: (410) 461-5530 |
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Social Competency and Peer Rejection |
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Measure 25: Peer Rejection |
N/A |
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Measure 26: Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) |
American Guidance Service, Publishers’ Building, Circle Pines, NM 55014. Phone: (800) 328-2560 |
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Measure 27: Walker-McConnell Scale of Social Competence and School Adjustment—Elementary Version (K–6) |
Singular Publishing Company, 4284 41st St., San Diego, CA 92105. Phone: (800) 521-8545 |
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Measure 28: Walker-McConnell Scale of Social Competence and School Adjustment—Adolescent Version |
Singular Publishing Company, 4284 41st St., San Diego, CA 92105. Phone: (800) 521-8545 |
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Substance Use in the Family |
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Measure 29: Various items or sets of items measuring family history of substance abuse |
N/A |
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Measure 21: Survey of Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use ("Communities That Care Youth Survey") |
Channing Bete Company, One Community Place, South Deerfield, MA, 01373-0200 |
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Parental Attitudes Favorable to Substance Use |
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Measure 31: Various items or scales measuring parental attitudes favorable toward substance abuse |
N/A |
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Family Processes |
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Measure 32: Family Environment Scale (FES), Form R |
Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 3803 E. Bayshore Rd., Palo Alto, CA 94303. Phone: (800) 624-1765 |
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Measure 33: Conflict Tactic Scale (CTS) |
Murray A. Straus, Family Research Laboratory, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824. Phone: (603) 862-1888 |
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Measure 34: O’Leary Porter Scale (OPS) |
K. Daniel O’Leary or Beatrice Porter, Dept. of Psychology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794. Phone: (516) 632-7850 |
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Measure 35: Conflict Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) |
Ronald J. Prinz, Dept. of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208. Phone: (803) 777-4137 |
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Measure 36: What About You (WAY), Forms C and E |
Gary D. Gottfredson, Ph.D., Gottfredson Associates, Inc., 3239B Corporate Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042. Phone: (410) 461-5530 |
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Measure 37: Family Instrument |
N/A |
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Measure 38: The Oregon Youth Study |
The Mother Report Discipline scale can be obtained by contacting Oregon Social Learning Center, 207 E. 54th Ave., Ste. 202, Eugene, OR 97401. Phone: (541) 485-2711. |
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Measure 39: Parenting Scale |
Send a self-addressed envelope, stamped envelope to Susan G. O’Leary, Dept. of Psychology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500. Phone: (516) 632-7833. |
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Measure 40: McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) |
N/A |
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Measure 41: Children’s Report on Parent Behavior (CRPBI B 30) |
Edward and Shirin Schludermann, Dept. of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2. Phone: (204) 474-9617. |
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Measure 42: Family Environment Scale (FES), Form R |
Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., 3803 E. Bayshore Rd., Palo Alto, CA 94303. Phone: (800) 624-1765. |
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Measure 43: Family Instrument |
N/A |
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Measure 44: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales B II (FACES II) |
The FACES II instrument may be obtained by calling (602) 625-7250 or writing Family Inventory Project (FIP), Family Social Science, University of Minnesota, 290 McNeal Hall, St. Paul, MN 55108. A publication containing abstracts of over 600 studies completed using the FACES instruments is also available. |
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Measure 21: Survey of Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use ("Communities That Care Youth Survey") |
Channing Bete Company, One Community Place, South Deerfield, MA, 01373-0200 |
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Measure 46: National Youth Survey (NYS) |
Delbert S. Elliott, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Campus Box 483, Boulder, CO 80309. Phone: (303) 492-1266 |
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Measure 47: Monitoring the Future (MTF) |
Dr. Lloyd D. Johnston, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Phone: (313) 763-5043 |
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Measure 48: American Drug and Alcohol Survey (ADAS) |
RMBSI, Inc., 419 Canyon Ave., Ste. 316, P.O. Box 1066, Fort Collins, CO 80522. Phone: (800) 447-6354 |
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Measure 49: What About You (WAY), Forms C and E |
Gary D. Gottfredson, Ph.D., Gottfredson Associates, Inc., 3239B Corporate Court, Ellicott City, MD 21042. Phone: (410) 461-5530 |
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Delinquent or Criminal Behavior |
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Measure 50: National Youth Survey (NYS) |
Delbert S. Elliott, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Campus Box 483, Boulder, CO 80309. Phone: (303) 492-1266 |
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Measure 51: Monitoring the Future (MTF) |
Dr. Lloyd D. Johnston, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Phone: (313) 763-5043 |
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Measure 21: Survey of Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Adolescent Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use ("Communities That Care Youth Survey") |
Channing Bete Company, One Community Place, South Deerfield, MA, 01373-0200 |
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Sexual Activity |
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Measure 53: Scale of AIDS risk (SAR) |
N/A |
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Measure 54: Life Events Questionnaire (LEQ) |
Michael D. Newcomb, 722 Kensington Rd., Santa Monica, CA 90405-2420. Phone: (310) 825-5735 |
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Measure 55: Sexual Risk |
N/A |
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Withdrawal from School |
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Measure 56: School records of truancy and dropout |
N/A |
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Measure 57: Self-report items measuring dropout and truancy from school |
N/A |
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